In the past 40 years, the research on precipitation fouling on a
heat transfer surface had been conducted, and some useful results
were drawn which help researchers to understand the progress of
precipitation fouling on the surface of enhanced tubes in cooling
water tower applications. The related experiments and conclusions
reported in literature are summarized in Table 2.
Fouling is usually studied by isolating the separate mechanisms,
but in actual conditions, multiple fouling mechanisms occur at the
same time. Their interference can have a great effect on the fouling
rates, but the interactions are not well understood.