Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale (Radloff, 1977). This 20-item self-report instrument is designed to measure depressive symptoms in the general population and has been validated for use in homeless populations (Nyamathi et al., 2005). Each item measures the frequency of a symptom on a 4-point response scale from 0 = rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day per week) to 3 = most of the time (5–7 days per week). After reverse scoring appropriate items, scores were summed, giving an overall scale that could range from 0 to 60. The scale was dichotomized at the customary value of 16 (Radloff, 1977), indicating a need for further evaluation of depressive symptoms. Consequently, all participants who scored 16 or higher on the CES-D depression screener were referred to neighborhood mental health services. The internal reliability of the scale in this sample was .90.