Milk consumption by Americans has not met the
standards of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
Chocolate milk can improve milk consumption, especially
by children, due to its color and taste. However,
the high sugar content of chocolate milk is a cause for
concern about its healthfulness, resulting in its removal
from some school lunch programs. It is important to
reduce the sugar content of chocolate milk and still
maintain acceptability among consumers. It is also
important to investigate other natural alternatives to
sweetening. The objectives of this study were to identify
the different sweetness intensity perceptions of
sucrose in water and various dairy matrices, to identify
the acceptable reduction in sweet taste for chocolate
milk for both young adults (19–35 yr) and children
(5–13 yr), and to determine if lactose hydrolysis is a
viable alternative. Threshold and power function studies
were used to determine the benchmark concentration
of sucrose in chocolate milk. The acceptability of
sugar reduction from the benchmark concentration for
both young adults and children and the acceptability of
lactose hydrolyzed chocolate milk (4°C for 24 h) with
added lactose for young adults were evaluated. Acceptability
results demonstrated that sugar reduction in
chocolate milk is possible for both young adults andchildren as long as it does not exceed a 30% reduction
(from 205 mM). Lactose hydrolysis of added lactose
was used to achieve the sweetness of sucrose in chocolate
milk but required >7.5% (wt/vol) added lactose,
which contributed undesirable calories, indicating that
lactose hydrolysis may be more suitable for other dairy
beverages that require less added sugar. The findings
of this study demonstrate consumer acceptance of
reduced-sugar chocolate milk and a possible way to use
lactose hydrolysis in dairy beverages.
Milk consumption by Americans has not met thestandards of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.Chocolate milk can improve milk consumption, especiallyby children, due to its color and taste. However,the high sugar content of chocolate milk is a cause forconcern about its healthfulness, resulting in its removalfrom some school lunch programs. It is important toreduce the sugar content of chocolate milk and stillmaintain acceptability among consumers. It is alsoimportant to investigate other natural alternatives tosweetening. The objectives of this study were to identifythe different sweetness intensity perceptions ofsucrose in water and various dairy matrices, to identifythe acceptable reduction in sweet taste for chocolatemilk for both young adults (19–35 yr) and children(5–13 yr), and to determine if lactose hydrolysis is aviable alternative. Threshold and power function studieswere used to determine the benchmark concentrationof sucrose in chocolate milk. The acceptability ofsugar reduction from the benchmark concentration forboth young adults and children and the acceptability oflactose hydrolyzed chocolate milk (4°C for 24 h) withadded lactose for young adults were evaluated. Acceptabilityresults demonstrated that sugar reduction inchocolate milk is possible for both young adults andchildren as long as it does not exceed a 30% reduction(from 205 mM). Lactose hydrolysis of added lactosewas used to achieve the sweetness of sucrose in chocolate
milk but required >7.5% (wt/vol) added lactose,
which contributed undesirable calories, indicating that
lactose hydrolysis may be more suitable for other dairy
beverages that require less added sugar. The findings
of this study demonstrate consumer acceptance of
reduced-sugar chocolate milk and a possible way to use
lactose hydrolysis in dairy beverages.
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