Protoplast culture and plant regeneration
Following the incubation of the protoplast cultures for
4–6 weeks, they are supplemented with medium containing
reduced osmoticum, which is accomplished by adding
10–12 drops of a 1:2 (v:v) mixture of BH3 medium and
0.38 M EME medium (Table 1, EME ? 76.7 g/l sucrose).
After incubation for another 2 weeks, cultures can be
transferred to solid medium in 100 9 20 petri dishes with
further osmoticum reduction as follows: add 2 ml of a 1:2
(v:v) mixture of BH3 medium and liquid EME medium
(Table 1) to each fusion dish and pour entire contents onto
solid medium plates containing standard agar-solidified
EME-maltose medium (containing 50 g/l maltose instead
of sucrose to facilitate embryo induction). The liquid
medium containing the protoplast-derived colonies should
be spread evenly over the entire plate, forming a shallow
layer. Too much liquid medium will drown the growing
colonies. Vigorously growing cultures may require dilution
in order to achieve somatic embryo induction. Recovered
somatic embryos are enlarged on 1,500 embryo enlargement
medium and germinated on B ? medium (Table 1),
as described previously in Grosser and Gmitter (1990).
Often, recovered embryos are abnormal and fail to germinate.
These can be dissected into large sections and
cultured on DBA3 shoot induction medium (Table 1).
Resulting shoots can be rooted on RMAN medium
(Table 1). When embryos produce roots but no shoots, they
can be decapitated to remove any abnormal tissue, and
cultured on either DBA3 or RMAN for adventitious shoot
induction and whole plant recovery.
Protoplast culture and plant regenerationFollowing the incubation of the protoplast cultures for4–6 weeks, they are supplemented with medium containingreduced osmoticum, which is accomplished by adding10–12 drops of a 1:2 (v:v) mixture of BH3 medium and0.38 M EME medium (Table 1, EME ? 76.7 g/l sucrose).After incubation for another 2 weeks, cultures can betransferred to solid medium in 100 9 20 petri dishes withfurther osmoticum reduction as follows: add 2 ml of a 1:2(v:v) mixture of BH3 medium and liquid EME medium(Table 1) to each fusion dish and pour entire contents ontosolid medium plates containing standard agar-solidifiedEME-maltose medium (containing 50 g/l maltose insteadof sucrose to facilitate embryo induction). The liquidmedium containing the protoplast-derived colonies shouldbe spread evenly over the entire plate, forming a shallowlayer. Too much liquid medium will drown the growingcolonies. Vigorously growing cultures may require dilutionin order to achieve somatic embryo induction. Recoveredsomatic embryos are enlarged on 1,500 embryo enlargementmedium and germinated on B ? medium (Table 1),as described previously in Grosser and Gmitter (1990).Often, recovered embryos are abnormal and fail to germinate.These can be dissected into large sections andcultured on DBA3 shoot induction medium (Table 1).Resulting shoots can be rooted on RMAN medium(Table 1). When embryos produce roots but no shoots, theyสามารถ decapitated เอาเนื้อเยื่อที่ผิดปกติใด ๆ และอ่าง DBA3 หรือ RMAN สำหรับยิง adventitiousเหนี่ยวนำและการกู้คืนโรงงานทั้งหมด
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