In conclusion, the results demonstrated that MPEE from pericarp of mangosteen exhibits a potent antioxidant activity and
anti-cancer activity on these two distinctive types of skin cancer
cell lines. The anti-cancer activity was specific for the tested skin
cancer cells and was through apoptosis induction via intrinsic
and /or extrinsic pathways and proliferation inhibition via down
regulation of Akt pathway. The crude extract is likely to have improved therapeutic applications compared to existing drugs due
to selectivity resulting in more tumour cell death and less side-effects. To better understand the selectivity of MPEE on these two
specific skin cancer cells, the primary counterparts of these cells
(melanocytes and keratinocytes) can be used in future study. Also,
further study could be carried out using more cancer cell lines with
different genetic background to understand more about the antiskin cancer activity of MPEE. A long term goal is to study the
in vivo therapeutic efficacy of MPEE.