The presence of
calcium in the reaction mixture influenced the type and
characteristics of reaction products during heating, and calcium
also influenced the rate of decomposition of reaction
precursors. Gokmen and Senyuva [1] demonstrated that the
presence of calcium cations reduced acrylamide concentration
by increasing furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural concentrations.
They postulated that the key intermediate for
acrylamide formationdthe Schiff basedwas inhibited and
shifted to another reaction pathway, with dehydration of
glucose leading to hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural formation
[1].