In a prospective
case–control multicenter study of patients with acute exacerbation COPD and moderate to severe hypercapnic
encephalopathy, the use of NIV versus IMV was associated
with similar short‑ and long‑term survivals with fewer
nosocomial infections and shorter durations of ventilation
and hospitalization. In a single‑center study in patients of
COPD with respiratory failure and do not intubate (DNI)
orders showed 45% survival, which was much less than the
group with full resuscitation orders, but encouraging to use
NIV in such situations