political science uses a variety of conceptual models to help explain political life and public policy.
1.The process model views policy making as a series of political activities.
2.The institutional model focuses attention on the effects of political and governmental institutions on public policy.
3.A rational model implies that government should choose policies that maximize societal gains and minimize costs.
4.An incremental model views public policy largely as a continuation of past government activities with only incremental modifications.
5.Group theory views public policy as the outcome of the struggle among societal groups.
6.The elite model views public policy as the preferences and values of the nations governing elite.
7.Public choice theory applies economic analysis to the study of public policy.
8.Game theory portrays policy as the outcome of interaction between two or more rational participants.