Ion channels play crucial roles in the cellular response to signals and changes in the extracellular environment by controlling
ion homeostasis and membrane excitability.Their proper functioning critically depends on the fine tuning of their localization at cell surface.This process is dictated by the secretory and endocytic vesicular trafficking pathways that often involve dynamic interactions between distinct sequence signals on the cargos and cellular transport machineries.Many important discoveries on trafficking signals have come from the studies onion channels including K+channels.For in stance,the Arg-based (‘RXR’) endoplasmicreticulum (ER) retention/