However, when the P123 concentration was increased to 5 gâL-1, in addition to the formation of larger hollow spindles, some small PbWO4 solid particles would
also appear (Figure 3d) as the result of excessive adsorption of P123 on the surfaces of PbWO4 nuclei preventing their further growth. In short, the complex micellar aggregates
formed by P123 and lead acetate acted as temporary soft templates for the formation of the hollow PbWO4 spindles.