3.2. Cytokinins and regeneration
The types and concentration of cytokinins in the medium influenced
shoot bud induction from explants. The regeneration efficiency was
higher in TDZ containing medium as compared to BAP and Kin. The regeneration
efficiency varied from 14.9 to 72.1% on TDZ, 67.9 to 73.7% on
BAP and 7.4 to 64.0% on Kin containing medium. The number of shoot
buds per explant varied from 11.7 to 14.9 on TDZ, 6.1 to 13.6 on BAP
and 4.5 to 11.3 on Kin containing medium. On medium containing
Kin, response was delayed and poor; and further the regenerated
shoot buds showed poor vigor in subsequent subcultures. On medium
containing different concentrations of TDZ, percentage explant response
and number of regenerated shoot buds were higher, however
clumping of newly regenerated shoot buds was observed and proliferation
and elongation of shoot buds was found difficult due to compact
shoot buds induction. It was observed that 4.44 μM BAP was found
optimum for shoot bud induction and their subsequent proliferation
for one passage. At 4.44 μM BAP, 73.7 ± 4.3% of explants responded
and produced 11.4 ± 0.9 shoot buds per explant.