1. Introduction
Using biological assemblages to assess the ecological status of
streams and rivers has a long history in European countries (Furse
et al., 2006); therefore, a wide spectrum of biotic indices (e. g.,
Saprobien Index (SI), family-level biotic index (FBI), and Biological
MonitoringWorkingParty(BMWP))have beendeveloped toassess
anthropogenic ecological impairment in freshwater ecosystems
biomonitoring and management of the Taihu Basin.