The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the concentrations
of 21 progestagens in swine wastes (flush water
and feces) and environmental samples (surface water and
sediment, soil, as well as well water) in two representative
to investigate the effectiveness of the wastewater treatment
systems for removal of progestagens. The results can assist in
assessing contamination of progestagens from swine farms,
and treatability of these emerging contaminants by existing
waste treatment systems, and then facilitate optimizing
waste management practices in swine farms.