The development of efficiency in the American bureaucratic system consists
of the following methods (Office of Permanent Secretary for Interior, 2005: 37-45):
1) The red tape was cut to focus more on the outcomes than to strictly
follow the regulations. So, the procedure the American government applied includes:
(1) Adjustment of the budget process, such as top-down policies,
budget arrangement regarding the priority of policy importance and budget allocation
according to organizational tasks, budget arrangement and approval in two-year
periods, cancellation of budget reimbursements at different times, and specification of
description and objectives of expenses.
(2) Decentralization of personnel administration for recruiting and
selecting employees for all positions, adjusting the position classification and
compensation systems, evaluating performance and discharging officers for
misconduct and loss of working ability.
(3) Streamlining procurement for deftness and rapidity,
authorization of procurement of information technology as appropriate for the
organizations’ size, with no bids in cases of budgets not exceeding US$100,000.
(4) Reorientation of the Inspector General’s roles, by assigning
additional roles and developing the monitoring system to put more emphasis on
outcome-based administration.
(5) Elimination of regulatory overkill by being less strict with the
internal control or cutting unnecessary expenses.
(6) Increasing the federal and state governments’ authority by
amending some regulations or laws which hampered the governments’ performance
16
and assigning the governments to manage small-sized projects with budgets not
exceeding US$10 million.
2) The customer was considered the priority, with specification of
standards of service, adjustment of services to be fast and complete at one point,
evaluation of customer satisfaction, eliminating service monopoly by the public
sector, bringing other organizations into competition in service provision, allowing
the organizations to be self-supporting and assigning private organizations to provide
some services instead.
3) The employees were empowered to get better results, by
empowering the government officers’ authority in decision-making and cutting some
monitoring steps. The government officers have to be responsible for the achievement
of performance by accurately defining objectives and goals, providing the officers
with essential knowledge and devices to perform their duty, developing the tools to
promote performance efficiency and quality of work.
4) The concept of Cutting to Basic was used to produce better
government for less. Unnecessary steps were removed, such revision to terminate
redundant or currently useless projects or organizations, focusing on earning more
income and collecting debts for performance development, outsourcing some
assignments to the private sector with some benefits to get the private sector involved,
and emphasizing investment to increase products etc.
The development of efficiency in the American bureaucratic system consists
of the following methods (Office of Permanent Secretary for Interior, 2005: 37-45):
1) The red tape was cut to focus more on the outcomes than to strictly
follow the regulations. So, the procedure the American government applied includes:
(1) Adjustment of the budget process, such as top-down policies,
budget arrangement regarding the priority of policy importance and budget allocation
according to organizational tasks, budget arrangement and approval in two-year
periods, cancellation of budget reimbursements at different times, and specification of
description and objectives of expenses.
(2) Decentralization of personnel administration for recruiting and
selecting employees for all positions, adjusting the position classification and
compensation systems, evaluating performance and discharging officers for
misconduct and loss of working ability.
(3) Streamlining procurement for deftness and rapidity,
authorization of procurement of information technology as appropriate for the
organizations’ size, with no bids in cases of budgets not exceeding US$100,000.
(4) Reorientation of the Inspector General’s roles, by assigning
additional roles and developing the monitoring system to put more emphasis on
outcome-based administration.
(5) Elimination of regulatory overkill by being less strict with the
internal control or cutting unnecessary expenses.
(6) Increasing the federal and state governments’ authority by
amending some regulations or laws which hampered the governments’ performance
16
and assigning the governments to manage small-sized projects with budgets not
exceeding US$10 million.
2) The customer was considered the priority, with specification of
standards of service, adjustment of services to be fast and complete at one point,
evaluation of customer satisfaction, eliminating service monopoly by the public
sector, bringing other organizations into competition in service provision, allowing
the organizations to be self-supporting and assigning private organizations to provide
some services instead.
3) The employees were empowered to get better results, by
empowering the government officers’ authority in decision-making and cutting some
monitoring steps. The government officers have to be responsible for the achievement
of performance by accurately defining objectives and goals, providing the officers
with essential knowledge and devices to perform their duty, developing the tools to
promote performance efficiency and quality of work.
4) The concept of Cutting to Basic was used to produce better
government for less. Unnecessary steps were removed, such revision to terminate
redundant or currently useless projects or organizations, focusing on earning more
income and collecting debts for performance development, outsourcing some
assignments to the private sector with some benefits to get the private sector involved,
and emphasizing investment to increase products etc.
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