Current treatment of hypertension relies on brachial artery BPmeasurement. All cohort studies to date comparing the im-pacts of arterial stiffness, measured by PWV over differentarterial pathways, on one hand, and brachial BP, on the otherhand, show that PWV is the most powerful prognostic indica-tor, independent of and displacing BP. As currently measured,central pressure’sprognosticvalueisnot independent of pe-ripheral BP. Augmentation pressure, in fewer studies, doesseem to be independent of peripheral BP. On these grounds,PWV in its various forms would seem to be a better, indeedmore reproducibly measureable, target than BP alone. Thecomplex relationship between PWVand BP represents a chal-lenge in dissociating their independent effects on cardiovas-cular risk prevention. Trials, including our own, are underwayto test if this is possible.