Gel strength was measured as described by Kuraishi
et al. (1997). The meat batter was put into a stainless
steel container (height 15 mm, diameter 15 mm and
thickness 2 mm), wrapped in aluminum foil, and cooked
at 85C for 30 min. After cooling at 4C for 60 min, the gel
strength of the specimens was measured using a Fudoh
Rheometer (NRM-201OJ-CW, Japan) attached to a
Rheo Plotter (FR-801, Japan).Measuring speed was 6 cm/
min, the plunger diameter 5mmand sample height 13mm.