Noise pollution defined as unwanted sound, is one of the Noise, ubiquitous pollutants in contemporary urban l most The adverse impacts of noise include areas which contribute to psy annoyance or stress may logical problems such as hypertension and neuroses, (2) physiological effects, e.g. hearing impairment, (3) effects on job performance, and (4) a reduction in property values. The effect of noise on urban residents is difficult to measure precisely, because tolerance levels vary between individuals. At the micro-scale, serious noise nuisance can be generated between apartments, offices and other multi-occupancy verues and, in the case of resi- dential noise, may lead to social conflict between eighbours. Outdoor sources of urban noise include construction and street-repair work, indus- trial operations and transportation.