The potential effects of the internet and video games appear most likely to impact on child development in the third domain, also called “theory of mind” or “social cognition”. This view would predict that the main impact ofnew technologies will be on moral and pro-social development. However, cognitive developmental neuroscience is revealing powerful learning in all three foundational domains from the earliest months of life. Prior to language acquisition, sensory learning processes are critically important, playing a core role in the development of the cognitive system. For example, simple perceptual mechanisms such as tracking statistical patterns in visual or auditory input are the basis of understanding objects and how they interact, and of understanding and acquiring spoken language. Given the core role of sensory learning, what babies and young children see and hear via new media seem likely to impact sensory learning in fundamental ways. As there is currently almost no empirical evidence regarding the potential nature of this impact, the assessment of potential benefits or harms are expressed here as “potential effects” only and are speculations by the author. I include these speculations as I have been requested to extrapolate from existing empirical work to assess the potential effects of new technologies at different ages. Another way of attempting to predict the impact of new technologies on child development might be to think of new media as another cultural “tool” in Vygotsky’s sense of the cultural mediation of knowledge. From this perspective, the world as symbolically presented by the internet, YouTube- type sites or video gaming would be a cultural “tool” that can be used strategically to affect the child’s developing understanding of the world. I illustrate this where relevant throughout the review.