Growing and
processing coffee
Growing
Coffee grows best in a warm, humid
climate with a relatively stable temperature
of about 27ºC all year round. The
world’s coffee plantations are therefore
found in the so-called coffee-belt that
straddles the equator between the tropics
of Cancer and Capricorn.
Processing
Coffee from the tree goes through a
series of processes to end up with the
saleable product - the green coffee
bean.
1. Picking
Coffee is picked by hand. Coffee cherries
are bright red when they are ripe,
but unfortunately the cherries do not all
ripen at the same time. Picking just the
red cherries at harvest time produces
better quality coffee, but it is more
labour intensive as each tree must be
visited several times during the harvest
season. Many farmers therefore strip
the tree of both ripe and unripe cherries
in one pick.
2. Drying and hulling
The cherries each contain two beans
which have to be separated from the
surrounding layers - the skin, the pulp
and ‘parchment’ - by hulling. The
beans also have to be dried, usually in
the sun but sometimes by using
mechanical dryers.
3. Sorting, grading and packing
Beans are sorted by hand, sieves and
machines to remove stones and other
foreign matter, to remove damaged or
broken beans, and to sort beans into
different qualities or ‘grades’. Coffee is
packed into sacks, usually of 60 kg.
4. Bulking
Roasters, like Nestlé, will need to buy
large quantities of coffee of a particular
grade, so exporters in the country of
origin will bulk together numerous
small batches of coffee to make up the
necessary amount of the required
grade.
5. Blending
At the roasters, experts with fine
palates and much experience decide
which blend of coffees from various
origins to use to make the coffee products
to meet the taste of their consumers.
6. Roasting
On leaving the plantation, the coffee is
pale green - hence the name ‘green
coffee’ for the traded product. Only
when it is roasted does it turn brown
taking on its characteristic aroma and
flavour. It is the roasted beans which
are used to make coffee products.
Growing and
processing coffee
Growing
Coffee grows best in a warm, humid
climate with a relatively stable temperature
of about 27ºC all year round. The
world’s coffee plantations are therefore
found in the so-called coffee-belt that
straddles the equator between the tropics
of Cancer and Capricorn.
Processing
Coffee from the tree goes through a
series of processes to end up with the
saleable product - the green coffee
bean.
1. Picking
Coffee is picked by hand. Coffee cherries
are bright red when they are ripe,
but unfortunately the cherries do not all
ripen at the same time. Picking just the
red cherries at harvest time produces
better quality coffee, but it is more
labour intensive as each tree must be
visited several times during the harvest
season. Many farmers therefore strip
the tree of both ripe and unripe cherries
in one pick.
2. Drying and hulling
The cherries each contain two beans
which have to be separated from the
surrounding layers - the skin, the pulp
and ‘parchment’ - by hulling. The
beans also have to be dried, usually in
the sun but sometimes by using
mechanical dryers.
3. Sorting, grading and packing
Beans are sorted by hand, sieves and
machines to remove stones and other
foreign matter, to remove damaged or
broken beans, and to sort beans into
different qualities or ‘grades’. Coffee is
packed into sacks, usually of 60 kg.
4. Bulking
Roasters, like Nestlé, will need to buy
large quantities of coffee of a particular
grade, so exporters in the country of
origin will bulk together numerous
small batches of coffee to make up the
necessary amount of the required
grade.
5. Blending
At the roasters, experts with fine
palates and much experience decide
which blend of coffees from various
origins to use to make the coffee products
to meet the taste of their consumers.
6. Roasting
On leaving the plantation, the coffee is
pale green - hence the name ‘green
coffee’ for the traded product. Only
when it is roasted does it turn brown
taking on its characteristic aroma and
flavour. It is the roasted beans which
are used to make coffee products.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
