In fact, India itself is apparently the largest source of patents granted in the country. Although R&D for the development of new chemical entities has increased substantially, the large number of grants can only be explained by patents over incremental innovations. The Indian Patent Act was amended in 2005 to introduce, inter alia, a special section (section 3(d)) aimed at avoiding ‘evergreening’ patents. This section has not operated, as further elaborated below, as an absolute ban for the patenting of that type of innovations.