The mandate of the modern Bhutanese state is Gross National Happiness. The term was coined by Bhutan's former King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, who has opened up Bhutan to the age of modernization. The four pillars of Gross National Happiness are the promotion of sustainable development, preservation and promotion of cultural values, conservation of the natural environment, and establishment of good governance. (Norbu Bhutan Travel Pvt. Ltd)