Who has to make sense of the data that have been collected by exploring and interpreting them.
Quantitative and qualitative research differ somewhat in their approach to data analysis.
In quantitative research, data analysis often only occurs after all or much of data have been collected.
However, in qualitative research , data analysis often begins during, or immediately after, the first data are collected, although this process continues and is modified throughout the study.
Initial analysis of the data may also further inform subsequent data collection.
For example, interview schedules may be slightly modified in light of emerging findings, where additional clarification may be required.
The method of analysis described in this paper involves managing the data 'by hand'.
However, there are several computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) packages available that can be used to manage and help in the analysis of qualitative data.
Common programmes include ATLAS.
ti and NVivo.
It should be noted, however , that such programs do not 'analyse' the data that is the task of the researcher - they simply manage the data and make handling of them easier.
For example, computer packages can help to manage, sort and organise large volumes of qualitative data , store, annotate and retrieve text , locate words, phrases and segment of data, prepare diagrams and extract quotes.
However, whilst computer programmes can facilitate data analysis, making the process easier and, comprehensive, they do not confirm or deny the scientific value or quality of qualitative research, as they are merely instruments, as good or as bad as the researcher using them.