Teachers’ Probabilistic Knowledge
Although the work of Fischbein (1975), Kvatinsky and Even (2002), and Steinbring (1991) has produced insightful theory on the knowledge teachers need in teaching probability, research on teachers’ mathematical content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and knowledge of student learning is limited. This dearth of research may be due to the fact that the introduction of probability, especially at the elementary level, is still relatively new.