The article presents data on the ecological situation in the Republic of Tatarstan. The ecology and health are considered as
factors of quality of life of the population. Direct correlation link of average degree between ecology and incidence
frequency is revealed. In areas with unfavorable ecological situation rates of primary infectious diseases, diseases of the
circulatory system and respiratory diseases, malignant neoplasms are higher. The directions of leveling of a problem of high
incidence in the region are offered.