The PBAC in Australia was the first HTA process toconsider evidence on cost-effectiveness in its recommen-dations when this became a mandatory requirement in1993 [5,8,9]. In 1998, the creation of a parallel HTA processfor new medical services required evidence of sufficientcost-effectiveness alongside safety and effectiveness tosupport recommendations by the MSAC [10], and manycountries now similarly use economic evaluation meth-ods to assess the value of health care interventions [11].A value-based pricing approach, now being implementedin the United Kingdom (UK) [12], has formed the basis ofreference-based pharmaceutical pricing policy in Australiafor many years. It is clear that clinical and economic evi-dence is carefully considered in decision-making aroundthe subsidy of health technologies in Australia [13–16].However, what constitutes value is likely to extend beyondthe measures of clinical benefit that are conventionallyassessed in clinical trials [17] and included in an economicevaluation; exactly what characteristics of a technologyshould be considered when assessing value is a nor-mative decision for societal consideration [1]. It is muchless clear whether, and to what extent, desirable char-acteristics of a health technology other than clinical andcost-effectiveness might be considered in assessing theoverall societal value that might be associated with a new technology.