groups in haze periods are higher than those in non–haze periods. At the same time, dose rates for children (1 year) were always higher than those for the other age groups, which indicated that the young children could have higher health risks. However, health risk was estimated as a function which was proportional to the dose rates and inversely to the LOAEL values. The lower the value of pollutant–specific LOAEL, the higher is the health risk. Similarly,