Theoretical Principles and Research

Theoretical Principles and Research Background
The transformational leaders stimulate their followers to take efforts in line with the organizational objectives and
interests and accomplish them. Furthermore, these leaders are able to stimulate the employees to do their works with
performance beyond their expectations. Thus, the employees will have the commitment to the job and its outcomes
and they lead to the enhanced job satisfaction and more effort [24]. Bass's transformational leadership model is
taken into account by the scientists as the process through which the employees are stimulated to have performance
beyond the expectations. Despite the great interest to Bass's model, it has several problems. Its main problem is its
uncertainty in separating the transformational leadership sub-criteria. This problem is reflected in the lack of support
for the factor structure of transformational leadership model and the discriminant validity of components of this
model compared to each other in the empirical studies [12].According to the recent development in the leadership
theory, the charismatic leadership theories (under which the leader is considered as an unusual individual and the
followers as the leadership-dependent ones) are changed to the neo-charismatic theories and the transformational
leadership (which pay attention to the followers' development and empowerment for the independent performance)
[1].Bass argued that real transformational leaders stimulate their followers for achieving the major objectives in
order to go beyond the personal immediate-achievable interest and be developed in line with the desired group,
organization or country [5].