According to our three designs of a

According to our three designs of acetifiers consisting of
air-lift fermenter, STR and ALMR for semi-continuous corn
vinegar fermentation by absorbed A. aceti WK cells, their
ETA were compared as shown in Table 2. The ETA in
ALMR with 200 L/h MR rate was significantly higher than
that found in air-lift fermenter (without MR system) and
STR which reported in our previous reports [2,7]. It was due
to the efficiency of mash recycling system and the mash
sprinkling plate in providing more DO content in fermenting
mash. The DO is the key parameter which is necessary for
the oxidation reaction of A. aceti WK to convert alcohol to
acetic acid.