2. METHODS
2.1 Study Area
The study area was located in and around the city of Springs, Garland County, Arkansas (Figure 1), and includHot Springs National Park. Hot Springs National Park approximately 2,250 hectares, while the study area approximately 16,850 hectares. The study area includfeatures such as the city reservoir, the city landfill, golf coursescounty parks, and several rock quarries. While having sourban areas, the study area was predominantly rural, consistinof fields and pastures, pine plantations, shortleaf (Piechinata) and loblolly (P. taeda), deciduous, oaks (Quercuspp.) and hickories (Carya spp.), mixed forests and some urbareas. Hot Springs is at the foothills of the Ouachita Mountawith elevations in the study area ranging from 107 to meters.