Section 5 is the heart of this surv

Section 5 is the heart of this survey paper. Here we describe some of the main
mathematical and engineering problems connected with image processing in general
and medical imaging in particular. These include image smoothing, registration,
and segmentation (see Sections 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3). We show how geometric partial
differential equations and variational methods may be used to address some of these
problems as well as illustrate some of the various methodologies.