What is PID and how is it caused?PI

What is PID and how is it caused?
PID refers to a variety of inflammatory conditions
involving the upper genital tract in females
incorporating one or more of the following conditions:
endometritis, salpingitis, salpingo-oophoritis,
parametritis, tuboovarian abscess and pelvic
peritonitis. PID is generally caused by microorganisms
ascending along the mucous surfaces from the vagina
and cervix into the endometrial cavity, fallopian tubes
and the abdominal cavity, causing inflammation.
Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae,
bacterial vaginosis (BV), Mycoplasma hominis,
Ureaplasma urealyticum and Trichomonas vaginalis are
all common organisms/conditions that can lead to PID
(Holmes et al, 2008). The severity of the infection can
range from asymptomatic to patients having severe
pain requiring hospital admission, with potential longterm
effects including chronic pain, adhesions, ectopic
pregnancy and infertility. A diagnosis of PID does
not include inflammation resulting from blood-borne
viruses or as a result of childbirth or a termination of
pregnancy (Holmes et al, 2008; British Association