Prior to conducting focus groups for co-creation and co-design, it is important to plan and prepare carefully. You should begin by defining objectives and research questions in order to understand what you want to learn from the focus groups and the main topics or themes you want to cover. Additionally, you need to identify and recruit your participants, such as target customers, and design your discussion guide with questions that will be asked. Furthermore, it is important to prepare materials and tools for facilitating the activities, such as prototypes, sketches, cards, stickers, or digital platforms. Lastly, you should arrange your logistics by deciding when and where the focus groups will be conducted and how long they will last. Don't forget to record and document them!