FIG. 20.
Color onlineQuantum Hall

FIG. 20.
Color onlineQuantum Hall effect in graphene as a
function of charge-carrier concentration. The peak at n=0
shows that in high magnetic fields there appears a Landau level
at zero energy where no states exist in zero field. The field
draws electronic states for this level from both conduction and
valence bands. The dashed lines indicate plateaus inxy
de-scribed by Eq.
111. Adapted from Novoselov, Geim, Moro-zov,et al., 2005