Figures 4-7 depict partial relations between the rate of economic growth and the
variables that measure monthly church attendance, belief in hell, and belief in heaven.
Figures 4 and 5 are computed from the estimates shown in column 1 of Table 4, and
Figures 6 and 7 come from the estimates shown in column 3. The graphs are constructed
to hold constant the influence on economic growth from all of the explanatory variables
other than the one shown on the horizontal axis.
These kinds of diagrams are
particularly useful for seeing whether relationships look linear or are driven by outliers.