most lathes have similar control ma

most lathes have similar control machanisms and operating handles for feeds and threading some machines however have entirely different driving mechanisms as well as different speed controls
drives
spindle speed is controlled on some lathes by a belt on a step cone pulley in the headstock(figures) the speed is changed by turning the belt tension lever to loosen the belt , moving the belt to the proper step for desired speed and then moving the lever to its former position several more lower speeds are made available shifting to back gear to do this pull out or release the bull gear lockpin to disengage the spindle from the step cone pulley and engage the back gear lever as shown in () it may be necessary to rotate the spindle by hand slightly to bring the gear into mesh the back gears must never be engaged when the spindle is turning with power do power do not forget to close the gear and pulley guards before staring the lathe
another drive system uses a variable speed drive() with a high and low range using a back gear on this drive system the motor must be running to change the speed on the varidrive but the motor must be turned off to shift the back gear lever geared head lathes are shifted with levers on the outside of the headstock() several of these levers are used to set up the various speeds within the range of the machine the gears will not unless they are perfectly aligned so that it is sometimes necessary to rotate spindle by hand never try to shift gears with the motor running and the clutch lever engaged