They describe the DANE (Design by A

They describe the DANE (Design by Analogy to Nature Engine)
system for supporting cross-domain analogies in biologicallyinspired
design as a prototype. Understanding design-cognitive
perspective is rapidly becoming an important area which may provide
answers that would drive the next-generation computational
support tools.
In this paper, we attempt a review of the product design process
from a knowledge capture and representation perspective, keeping
in mind the designer, the design process, and the current demands
of the market on the product design industry. Most of the potential
challenges such as the vastness and diversity of research, were
reduced by the diverse fields of expertise of the authors involved
in writing this review, as well as their geographical locations. We
focused on a time frame of the last 20 years in general and the
last decade more specifically, in order to balance the breadth and
depth of the review, relaxing the timeframe where it was necessary
to look further in the past to establish relevance. Publications in
major journals like Computer-Aided Design, Journal of Computing
and Information Science in Engineering, Artificial Intelligence in
Engineering, Design and Manufacturing, and Journal of Mechanical
Design were referred to seed our search, which spread out to
include literature from other diverse areas. However, it still is
possible that we have overlooked research worth mentioning here,
and hope that adequate reader feedback will help us in future
reviews that we may undertake.
The paper structure, indicated in Fig. 1, is as follows:
Section 2 discusses the perception of knowledge, its types and
its representations with respect to product design. Section 3
looks at knowledge processing in design from two perspectives:
(1) individual applications (e.g. conceptual design, modeling
and analysis, etc.), and (2) integrated system view, especially
collaborative design. Section 4 discusses the computational tools
that are being developed for design and how these tools handle
knowledge representation. Finally Section 5 discusses future
trends in research in this area. Individual sub-sections will be
accompanied with similar figures to provide a roadmap to the
reader.