Tropical mangrove habitats are gene

Tropical mangrove habitats are generally brackish water environments, and have endemic brachyuran species most of which show an ‘exportation’ life cycle strategy (e.g. Dittel et al., 1991; Paula et al. 2000), as found in estuaries in general (Queiroga,1996). Newly-hatched larvae immigrate by passive and active mechanisms to adjacent shelf waters, using selective stream tidal transport (Queiroga et al., 1997; Queiroga, 1998).