Early studies on the development of

Early studies on the development of theory of systematic sampling was as reported by Murthy (1967, p.134)
[2] while Cochran (1977) [1] reported that Madow (1953) [4] had carried systematic sampling to its logical con-clusion with his recommendation that a systematic sample be chosen at or near the center of the interval, i.e. in-stead of starting the sequence by a random number chosen between 1 and k, we take the starting number as
( ) 12 k+ if k is odd and either 2 k or ( ) 12 k+ if k is even.