Treatment Fidelity
To ensure that the sequence of instruction components was used consistently
throughout the treatment and across comparison groups, teachers were trained in
both instructional approaches in a one-day session with weekly instruction of
upcoming lessons. For fidelity purposes, a checklist was used during an observation
of each teacher four times during instruction. The teacher was observed on delivery
of the explicit instructional components. The lead author observed each teacher
during a concrete lesson, a representational lesson, and two abstract lessons. Every
teacher who participated in the study completed every required scripted component
during the observations.