However, a number of new studies of productivity spillovers based on panel data have appeared. As is true for wage spillovers, these find more evidence for positive spillovers than the earlier ones. For example, Haskel, Pereira, and Slaughter (2002) use a panel of UK manufacturing plants between 1973 and 1992 and find a positive and robust spillover effect of inward FDI on productivity in local plants.