However, this recall-based cross-se

However, this recall-based cross-sectional measurement is clearly less than ideal, because distorted memories about what we expected might modify the observed patterns. An investigation across time was reported by Sutton and Griffin (2004), in which preentry expectations were compared with experiences recorded 12 months after commencing a job. That project found no impact on overall job satisfaction from unmet expectations, computed in term of interactions between expected and actual levels.