A. Physical/MAC layers
Physical and Medium Access Control layers i.e. OSI
layer 1 and OSI layer 2, define the wireless technology and
shown in Fig.1. For these two layers the 5G mobile networks
is likely to be based on Open Wireless Architecture [7].
B. Network layer
The network layer will be IP (Internet Protocol),
because there is no competition today on this level. The IPv4
(version 4) is worldwide spread and it has several problems
such as limited address space and has no real possibility for
QoS support per flow. These issues are solved in IPv6, but
traded with significantly bigger packet header. Then, mobility
still remains a problem. There is Mobile IP standard on one
side as well as many micro-mobility solutions (e.g., Cellular
IP, HAWAII etc.). All mobile networks will use Mobile IP in
5G, and each mobile terminal will be FA (Foreign Agent),