Hence, at the pH of an empty stomac

Hence, at the pH of an empty stomach (pH 1.2),
the blg/Lyso microspheres are disrupted due to strong electrostatic
repulsion, with both blg and Lyso bearing net positive charge
resulting in a burst release. Hence, it was unnecessary to carry
out further kinetic release studies of D3 at gastric pH which reproduces
a fasting condition. However, dilution and buffering effects
temporarily raise the gastric pH post-prandially to values between
4.5 and 6.0 (Chen & Subirade, 2006). In such conditions, one can
assume that the D3-loaded blg/Lyso microspheres might persist
longer in the stomach and then later in the intestines, improving
the chances of reaching the blood stream. Hence, the blg/Lyso
microspheres, administered in fed state, can deliver D3 to the GI
tract depending on the site of action of the encapsulated bioactive.
In case of a post-prandial administration, the intestines can be targeted,
and hence it becomes important to further elucidate the
transport mechanism through the intestines using the permeability
test.