protein or carbohydrate, so it is a

protein or carbohydrate, so it is an effective target for lowering calorie intake. A low-fat
diet generally means saturated fat and trans fat intakes are lower; the Dietary Guidelines for
Americans, 2010 and nutrition recommendations from the American Diabetes Association
and American Heart Association urge Americans to reduce their intake of saturated and
trans fats (Bantle et al., 2008; Lichtenstein et al., 2006; U.S. Department of Agriculture,
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2010). Clinical trials have
demonstrated that low-fat weight loss diets, when used in combination with lifestyle counseling
and physical activity, promote a 5% to 10% weight loss and prevent or reduce diabetes
and/or hypertension (Pi-Sunyer et al., 2007). When fat intake is very low and the diet
is primarily vegetarian, the intakes of vitamins E (found in oils) and B12 and zinc (found in
animal sources) may be inadequate (Gardner et al., 2010).