students will reflect based from th

students will reflect based from their own point of view. In present study, each student’s opinion and feedback on
alpha version of the apps were reviewed and several changes have been made to suits student’s need. This is
known as one-on-one evaluation. Same goes to subject matter expert, who have a done a review on the accuracy
and comprehensiveness of the contents delivered in the apps. These are all important to assured that the materials
being prepared are in accordance with student’s preferences.
2.2.3Product design and development
In this study, four iPad apps were developed as instructional tool to facilitate students learning in Authoring
System subject. As mentioned earlier, these apps were developed with Adobe Flash Professional CS5.5. In R2D2
model, Willis (1995) had listed out several components involve in the product design and development including:
a) surface design, b) interface design and c) instructional strategies. The surface design refers to several aspects
like the typography, language and graphics used in the study.
Besides focusing on the surface design, project designer also focuses on the aspects of interface design. The
interface design highlights several criteria including the ‘cosmetic’ part of the project, usability, user interaction,
navigation, user experience and also system support. For example, the use of text, button and graphics to show
learners which section they are in. Adams et al. (2008) stated that the interface design is as important as it will
support general features as example, to make a simulation engaging and easy to use for the users, and the types of
controls that could enhance students’ engagement in learning. Moreover, Oppermann (2002) also agreed that the
presentation of the content is important as it will permit the learners to interact with content efficiently