The Pharaoh ant colony consists of queens, males, workers,
and immature stages (eggs, larvae, pre-pupae, and pupae).
Nesting occurs in inaccessible, warm (80 to 86°F), and
humid (80%) areas near sources of food and/or water, such
as in wall voids. The size of the colony tends to be large
but can vary from a few dozen to several thousand or even
several hundred thousand individuals. Approximately 38
days are required for development of workers from egg to
adult.
Mating takes place in the nest, and no swarms are known
to occur. Males and queens usually take 42 days to develop
from egg to adult. The males are the same size as the
workers (2 mm), are black in color, and have straight, not
elbowed, antennae. Males are not often found in the colony.
The queens are about 4 mm long and are slightly darker
than the workers (Smith and Whitman 1992). Queens can