we also asked participants to describe nurses who did not
exemplify professionalism and to give examples of
negative communication with other team members.
Focus groups lasted for an average of approximately
1 hour; individual interviews, for an average of approximately
30 minutes. We audiotaped all interviews and
transcribed the data. We used general position labels
(e.g., physician, staff nurse) to identify transcribed data
and collected demographic information separately to
avoid attaching specific comments to respondents.