The restructuring of port in the de

The restructuring of port in the developing world is arguably more complex than in the developed world and often changes that have occurred have come about because they are linked to structural adjustment packages encompassing the broader economy. Indeed, up to 1997, reform had been instituted in 230 ports in developing or transitional countries as part of structural adjustment packages (ITF, 2004, p.2). An example of the most common approach to port privatization in the developing world is the World Bank’s Port Reform Toolkit (PRTK). This is self-consciously both a descriptive and prescriptive work, since it seek to analyse the change that have occurred in the industry as well as outline how ports can move towards a partially privatized form of port operation and organization. In this sense, the PRTK reads as a manual for how to navigate past the various obstacles-legal, institutional, financial and labour organization - that may confront would-be port reformers.