• Pressures for innovation. Downsiz

• Pressures for innovation. Downsizing over the years has placed a heavier burden on remaining staff, therefore, innovative PM improvements are seen as very important in organizations.
• Bottom-line focus. This theme reflected the view
that, unforunately, the prime focus in organizations is on the bottom line, people are viewed as a necessary evil and there are too many people.
• Distrust. This theme noted the mild distrust
between executives and staff.