Urea can be further metabolized by the wine yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae via urea carboxylase and allophanate
hydrolase to yield ammonia and carbon dioxide
or it can be excreted from the cell (2). The purpose of this
research was to use radioactively labeled substrates to
investigate the contribution of urea to the production of
ethyl carbamate in wine and to trace the source of that
urea during fermentation.